The following script checks whether a specific file pc. To delete objects, use the Remove-Item cmdlet. Please note that it requires your confirmation upon execution if the object is not empty. The example below demonstrates how to delete the IT folder and all the subfolders and files inside it:.
If you have already made sure that every object inside the folder should be deleted, you can use the? Recurse switch to skip the confirmation step:. Sometimes you need to clean up old files from a certain directory.
To delete files from remote PCs, you must have the appropriate security permissions to access them. Be sure to use UNC paths so the script will correctly resolve the file locations.
The Copy-Item cmdlet enables you to copy objects from one path to another. The following command creates a backup by copying the file users. If the target file already exists, the copy attempt will fail. To overwrite the existing file, even if it is in Read-Only mode, use the -Force parameter:. To copy files from your local directory to the remote folder, simply reverse the source and destination locations:. You can also copy files from one remote server to another.
To copy only certain files from the source content to the destination, use the -Filter parameter. For instance, the following command copies only txt files from one folder to another:.
The Move-Item cmdlet moves an item, including its properties, contents, and child items, from one location to another. It can also move a file or subdirectory from one directory to another location. The Backups directory and all its files and subfolders will then appear in the archive directory. The Rename-Item cmdlet enables you to change the name of an object while leaving its content intact.
You can also use the Rename-Item to change file extensions. Returns the result of one or more statements as an array. The result is always an array of 0 or more objects.
Similar to the array subexpression, this syntax is used to declare a hash table. Runs a command, script, or script block. The call operator, also known as the "invocation operator", lets you run commands that are stored in variables and represented by strings or script blocks.
The call operator executes in a child scope. The call operator does not parse strings. This means that you cannot use command parameters within a string when you use the call operator.
The Invoke-Expression cmdlet can execute code that causes parsing errors when using the call operator. You can use the call operator to execute scripts using their filenames.
The example below shows a script filename that contains spaces. When you try to execute the script, PowerShell instead displays the contents of the quoted string containing the filename. The call operator allows you to execute the contents of the string containing the filename. Runs the pipeline before it in the background, in a PowerShell job. This operator is functionally equivalent to Start-Job. By default, the background operator starts the jobs in the current working directory of the caller that started the parallel tasks.
The following example demonstrates basic usage of the background job operator. Converts or limits objects to the specified type. If the objects cannot be converted, PowerShell generates an error. A cast can also be performed when a variable is assigned to using cast notation.
As a binary operator, the comma creates an array or appends to the array being created. In expression mode, as a unary operator, the comma creates an array with just one member. Place the comma before the member. Runs a script in the current scope so that any functions, aliases, and variables that the script creates are added to the current scope, overriding existing ones.
Parameters declared by the script become variables. Parameters for which no value has been given become variables with no value. The dot sourcing operator is followed by a space.
Use the space to distinguish the dot from the dot. In the following example, the Sample. Formats strings by using the format method of string objects. Enter the format string on the left side of the operator and the objects to be formatted on the right side of the operator. For more information, see the String. Format method and Composite Formatting. Selects objects from indexed collections, such as arrays and hash tables.
That command is Test-Connection. You can call the script from PowerShell using the command:. ISE also features syntax highlighting, multiline editing, tab completion, selective execution, and a whole host of other features. It will even let you open multiple script windows at the same time, which is useful once you have scripts that call other scripts.
That way, you can get used to it before you start writing more complex scripts. Now you can start to write PowerShell scripts.
In ISE or notepad, open a new file. If you have a Windows service running that has frozen, you can use a PowerShell script to stop it. I can stop Lync with a script. To do that, make a new script file in the same way as before.
This time, type:. Save the file as StopLync. This script can be expanded to stop a number of processes at once, just by adding extra commands of the same type.
You can also write another script if you want to automatically start a number of processes at once, using:. Suppose you need to delete multiple files, you might want to first check to see if the files even exist. For sysadmins, one of the major advantages of PowerShell is that it allows you to automate the process of setting up new machines.
Today, individuals and businesses alike both use virtual private networks as a near mandatory security measure to protect proprietary data. All new machines should be connected to a VPN during setup. While you could handle each one manually, this is the kind of thing PowerShell is perfect for. For beginners — ie, most people reading this guide — most quality VPN services will work for your computing environment, we can write a script that will automatically set up and configure it.
The most basic way to do this is to open a new file like before, and then type the command:. Save the file as SetVPN. The first time you call this command, you might get some errors. Save even more time by learning how to configure and manage Active Directory using PowerShell with these resources:. With all that free time you have, why not learn how to automate Exchange with these resources:.
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